{"id":26911,"date":"2022-09-05T03:28:18","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T03:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-legal\/amjur\/damages-sect-1.html"},"modified":"2022-08-25T11:48:03","modified_gmt":"2022-08-25T11:48:03","slug":"damages-sect-1","status":"publish","type":"amjur","link":"https:\/\/reference.findlaw.com\/amjur\/damages-sect-1.html","title":{"rendered":"Am Jur 2d &#8211; Damages \u00a7 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"leafpage\">\n<h2>I. Introduction, \u00a7 1 &#8211; Definition of term &#8220;damages&#8221;<\/h2>\n<p>The word &#8220;damages&#8221; generally connotes payment in money for a plaintiff&#8217;s losses caused by a defendant&#8217;s breach of duty.[<a href=\"#fn1\" name=\"fn-ref1\">1<\/a>] &#8220;Damages&#8221; are monetary compensation for loss or harm suffered by a person, or certain to be suffered in the future, as the result of the unlawful act or omission of another.[<a href=\"#fn2\" name=\"fn-ref2\">2<\/a>] Stated otherwise, the term &#8220;damages&#8221; refers to a money award compensating a plaintiff for loss or injury.[<a href=\"#fn3\" name=\"fn-ref3\">3<\/a>] There are numerous other similar definitions.[<a href=\"#fn4\" name=\"fn-ref4\">4<\/a>]<\/p>\n<div class=\"feature-para-block\">\n<div class=\"feature-para-name\">Observation:<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;Damages,&#8221; absent a restrictive modifier like &#8220;compensatory,&#8221; &#8220;actual,&#8221; &#8220;consequential,&#8221; or &#8220;punitive,&#8221; is an inclusive term when used in a statute, embracing the panoply of legally recognized pecuniary relief.[<a href=\"#fn5\" name=\"fn-ref5\">5<\/a>]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2>All case links go to Westlaw and require login.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p>  <a href=\"#fn-ref1\" name=\"fn1\" class=\"footnote-revlink\">1<\/a>  <span>\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000350&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1992202462\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"U.S. v. Balistrieri, 981 F.2d 916 (7th Cir. 1992)\">U.S. v. Balistrieri, 981 F.2d 916 (7th Cir. 1992)<\/a>    <\/span>; <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000106&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1994055631\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Griffith v. State of Colo., Div. of Youth Services, 17 F.3d 1323, 143 A.L.R. Fed. 677 (10th Cir. 1994)\">Griffith v. State of Colo., Div. of Youth Services, 17 F.3d 1323, 143 A.L.R. Fed. 677 (10th Cir. 1994)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <a href=\"#fn-ref2\" name=\"fn2\" class=\"footnote-revlink\">2<\/a>  <span>\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0007047&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2018121138\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Citizens of Humanity, LLC v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 171 Cal. App. 4th 1, 89 Cal. Rptr. 3d 455 (2d Dist. 2009)\">Citizens of Humanity, LLC v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 171 Cal. App. 4th 1, 89 Cal. Rptr. 3d 455 (2d Dist. 2009)<\/a>    <\/span> (disapproved of on other grounds by, <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0004645&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2024474598\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Kwikset Corp. v. Superior Court, 51 Cal. 4th 310, 120 Cal. Rptr. 3d 741, 246 P.3d 877 (2011)\">Kwikset Corp. v. Superior Court, 51 Cal. 4th 310, 120 Cal. Rptr. 3d 741, 246 P.3d 877 (2011)<\/a>    <\/span>).<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <a href=\"#fn-ref3\" name=\"fn3\" class=\"footnote-revlink\">3<\/a>  <span>\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000713&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1993212166\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Smith v. Walt Bennett Ford, Inc., 314 Ark. 591, 864 S.W.2d 817 (1993)\">Smith v. Walt Bennett Ford, Inc., 314 Ark. 591, 864 S.W.2d 817 (1993)<\/a>    <\/span>; <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000713&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1992115195\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Geters v. Eagle Ins. Co., 834 S.W.2d 49 (Tex. 1992)\">Geters v. Eagle Ins. Co., 834 S.W.2d 49 (Tex. 1992)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0Damages are the compensation which the law will award for an injury done. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000708&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1897180090\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Scott v. Donald, 165 U.S. 58, 17 S. Ct. 265, 41 L. Ed. 632 (1897)\">Scott v. Donald, 165 U.S. 58, 17 S. Ct. 265, 41 L. Ed. 632 (1897)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0&#8220;Damages&#8221; are money paid by, or ordered to be paid to, a person as compensation for loss or injury. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000960&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2000583400\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"In re Consolidated Objections to Tax Levies of School Dist. No. 205, 193 Ill. 2d 490, 250 Ill. Dec. 745, 739 N.E.2d 508, 150 Ed. Law Rep. 795 (2000)\">In re Consolidated Objections to Tax Levies of School Dist. No. 205, 193 Ill. 2d 490, 250 Ill. Dec. 745, 739 N.E.2d 508, 150 Ed. Law Rep. 795 (2000)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0The term &#8220;damages&#8221; refers to pecuniary compensation, recompense, or satisfaction for an injury sustained. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000735&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2009526239\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"McGee v. A C And S, Inc., 933 So. 2d 770 (La. 2006)\">McGee v. A C And S, Inc., 933 So. 2d 770 (La. 2006)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <a href=\"#fn-ref4\" name=\"fn4\" class=\"footnote-revlink\">4<\/a>  <span>\u00a0Damages consist in compensation for loss sustained. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000708&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1928126650\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"U.S. Steel Products Co. v. Adams, 275 U.S. 388, 48 S. Ct. 162, 72 L. Ed. 326 (1928)\">U.S. Steel Products Co. v. Adams, 275 U.S. 388, 48 S. Ct. 162, 72 L. Ed. 326 (1928)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0Construed in the common-law context, damages compensate the plaintiff in full for the preventable and established loss sustained by reason of tortious or proscribed acts. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000106&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1971113625\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Albrecht v. Herald Co., 452 F.2d 124, 16 A.L.R. Fed. 1 (8th Cir. 1971)\">Albrecht v. Herald Co., 452 F.2d 124, 16 A.L.R. Fed. 1 (8th Cir. 1971)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0The word &#8220;damages&#8221; expresses in dollars and cents the injury sustained by a plaintiff. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0000578&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2020121919\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Donovan v. Philip Morris USA, Inc., 455 Mass. 215, 914 N.E.2d 891 (2009)\">Donovan v. Philip Morris USA, Inc., 455 Mass. 215, 914 N.E.2d 891 (2009)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0Damages are a remedy for compensation for a legal wrong or injury. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0004645&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2025093526\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Estrada v. Port City Properties, Inc., 2011 OK 30, 258 P.3d 495 (Okla. 2011)\">Estrada v. Port City Properties, Inc., 2011 OK 30, 258 P.3d 495 (Okla. 2011)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0&#8220;Damages&#8221; is commonly defined as the estimated money equivalent for detriment or injury sustained. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0004645&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2010205534\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Eleopulos v. McFarland and Hullinger, LLC, 2006 UT App 352, 145 P.3d 1157 (Utah Ct. App. 2006)\">Eleopulos v. McFarland and Hullinger, LLC, 2006 UT App 352, 145 P.3d 1157 (Utah Ct. App. 2006)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span>  <span>\u00a0&#8220;Damages&#8221; is a term used in torts to denote an award made to a person by a competent judicial tribunal because of a legal wrong done to him or her by another. <span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0004645&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=2002238057\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Ford v. Trendwest Resorts, Inc., 146 Wash. 2d 146, 43 P.3d 1223 (2002)\">Ford v. Trendwest Resorts, Inc., 146 Wash. 2d 146, 43 P.3d 1223 (2002)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <a href=\"#fn-ref5\" name=\"fn5\" class=\"footnote-revlink\">5<\/a>  <span>\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">      <a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;originatingContext=document&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;pubNum=0004087&amp;refType=RP&amp;originatingDoc=&amp;serNum=1999034392\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Rice v. CertainTeed Corp., 84 Ohio St. 3d 417, 1999-Ohio-361, 704 N.E.2d 1217, 81 A.L.R.5th 763 (1999)\">Rice v. CertainTeed Corp., 84 Ohio St. 3d 417, 1999-Ohio-361, 704 N.E.2d 1217, 81 A.L.R.5th 763 (1999)<\/a>    <\/span>.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"https:\/\/1.next.westlaw.com\/Document\/I491402d4b27b11d9815db1c9d88f7df2\/View\/FullText.html?originationContext=documenttoc&#038;transitionType=CategoryPageItem&#038;contextData=(sc.Default)\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Am Jur 2d Damages\">Read this complete Am Jur 2d section on Westlaw<\/a><\/b><\/div>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false},"class_list":["post-26911","amjur","type-amjur","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reference.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/amjur\/26911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reference.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/amjur"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reference.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/amjur"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reference.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}