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Encyclopedia of Law & Economics - 3500 Tort Damages

  • Abraham, Kenneth S. and Jeffries, John C., Jr. (1989), 'Punitive Damages and the Rule of Law: The Role of Defendant's Wealth', 18 Journal of Legal Studies , 415-425.
  • Acton, Jan Paul (1976), 'The Value of Life: An Overview and Critique of Alternative Measures and Measurement Techniques', 40 Law and Contemporary Problems , 46-72.
  • Adams, Michael (1989), 'Warum kein Ersatz von NichtvermšgensschŠden? (Why No Damages for Nonpecuniary Losses?)', in Ott, Claus and SchŠfer, Hans-Bernd (eds.), Allekationseffizienz in der Rechtsordnung , Berlin, Springer, 210-217.
  • Adams, Michael (1989), 'Warum kein Ersatz fŸr NichtvermšgensschŠder?', in Ott, Claus and SchŠfer, Hans-Bernd (eds.), Allekationseffizienz in der Rechtsordnung , Berlin, Springer, 210-218.
  • Alberts, Robert J. (1994), 'Modeling Taxes in Personal Injury and Wrongful Death Award Calculations', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 239-243.
  • Alberts, Robert J., Clauretie, Terrence M. and Jameson, Mel (1994), 'Ordinary and Reverse Tax Effect in Personal Injury and Wrongful Death Cases', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 245-266.
  • Albrecht, Gary R. (1994), 'The Application of the Hedonic Damages Concept to Wrongful Death and Personal Injury Litigation', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 143-150.
  • Anderson (1985), 'Economic Theory and the Present Value of Future Lost Earnings: An Integration, Unification, and Simplification of Court Adopted Methodologies', 39 University of Miami Law Review , 723 ff.
  • Anderson and Robert D. Willig (1985), 'Economic Theory and the Present Value of Future Lost Earnings: An Integration, Unification, and Simplification of Court Adopted Methodologies', 39 University of Miami Law Review , 723 ff.
  • Anderson, Gary A. and Barber, Joel R. (1992), '`A Simple Procedure for Computing the Present Value of Non-annual Damages', 6 Journal of Forensic Economics , 3-6.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1985), 'Note: An Economic Analysis of Tort Damages for Wrongful Death', 60 New York University Law Review , 1113-1136.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1990), 'Reexamining Liability Rules When Injurers As Well As Victims Suffer Losses', 10 International Review of Law and Economics , 233-239.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1990), 'Reconsidering Efficient Tort Rules for Physical Injury: The Case of Single Activity Accidents', 32 William & Mary Law Review , 41-103.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1992), 'Liability for Physical Injury When Injurers As Well As Victims Suffer Losses', 8 Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization , 411-426.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1992), 'Should Defendants' Wealth Matter?', 21 Journal of Legal Studies , 413-429.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1992), 'Book Review: W. Kip Viscusi, Reforming Products Liability', 30 Journal of Economic Literature , 2170-2172.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. (1993), 'Compensation Systems and Efficient Deterrence', 52 Maryland Law Review , 1093-1136.
  • Arlen, Jennifer H. and Kraakman, Reinier H. (1997), 'Controlling Corporate Misconduct: An Analysis of Corporate Liability Regimes', 72 New York University Law Review , 687-779.
  • Arrow, Kenneth J. (1971), 'Insurance, Risk, and Resource Allocation', in X., (ed.), Essays in the Theory of Risk-Bearing , Chicago (IL): Markham.
  • Arrow, Kenneth J. (1974), 'Optimal Insurance and Generalized Deductibles', Scandinavian Actuarial Journal , 1-42.
  • Arthur, W. Brian (1981), 'The Economics of Risks to Life', 71 American Economic Review , 54-64.
  • Backhaus, JŸrgen G. (1978), 'Lawyers' Economics vs. the Economic Analysis of Law: A Critique of Professor Posner's "Economic Approach to Law with Reference to a Case Concerning Damages for Loss of Earning Capacity"', 3 Munich Social Science Review , 57-80.
  • Baldus, D. and MacQueen, John C., M.D. (1995), 'mproving Judicial Oversight of Jury Damages Assessments: A Proposal for the Comparative Additur/Remittitur Review of Awards for Nonpecuniary Harms and Punitive Damages', 80 Iowa Law Review , 1109-1267.
  • Barchas, Isaac D. and Weil, Roman L. (1995), 'Lost Profits to New Businesses', in X (ed.), Litigation Services Handbook, 2nd ed. , New York, John Wiley.
  • Barnes, David W. and Stout, Lynn A. (1992), Economic Analysis of Tort Law , West Publishing.
  • Becker, Gary S. (1991), A Treatise on the Family , Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press, 365 p.
  • Becker, William E. and Stout, Richard A. (1992), 'The Utility of Death and Wrongful Death Compensation', 5 Journal of Forensic Economics , 197-208.
  • Bell, Edward B. and Taub, Allan J. (1994), 'An Analysis of Alternative Methods of Calculating Tax-Adjusted Awards', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 267-274.
  • Ben-Shahar, Omri and Von Randow, Philipp (1993), Liability Rules and the Informational Content of Victims' Protection Measures , Discussion Paper, Program in Law and Economics, Harvard Law School, No. 127.
  • Ben-Zion, Barry and Reddall, Ronald G. (1985), 'Life Expectancy and Actuarial Present Values: A Note to Forensic Economists', 7 Research in Law and Economics , 160-171.
  • Berla, Edward P., Brookshire, William and Smith, Stan V. (1990), 'Hedonic Damages and Personal Injury: A Conceptual Approach', 3 Journal of Forensic Economics , 1-8.
  • Berla, Edward P., Meyer, Robert G. and Andrews, Paul (1995), 'The Lost Pleasure of Life Scale: A Reply to Caragonne', 8 Journal of Forensic Economics , 273-275.
  • Binger, Brian, Copple, Robert and Hoffman, Elizabeth (1995), 'Contingent Valuation Methodology in the Natural Resource Damage Regulatory Process: Choice Theory and the Embedding Problem', 35 Natural Resources Journal , 443-459.
  • Binger, Brian, Copple, Robert and Hoffman, Elizabeth (1995), 'The Use of Contingent Valuation Methodology in Natural Resource Damage Assessments: Legal Fact and Economic Fiction', 89 Northwestern University Law Review , 1029-1116.
  • Bishop, William (1982), 'Economic Loss in Tort', 2 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies , 1-30.
  • Bishop, William (1982), 'Economic Loss: A Reply to Professor Rizzo', 2 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies , 207-210.
  • Bishop, William and Sutton, John (1986), 'Efficiency and Justice in Tort Damages: The Shortcomings of the Pecuniary Loss Rule', 15 Journal of Legal Studies , 347-370.
  • Blomquist, Glenn S. (1979), 'Value of Life Saving: Implications of Consumer Activity', 87 Journal of Political Economy , 540-558.
  • Blomquist, Glenn S. (1981), 'The Value of Human Life: An Empirical Perspective', 19 Economic Inquiry , 157-164.
  • Blomquist, Glenn S. (1982), 'Estimating the Value of Life and Safety: Recent Developments', in Jones-Lee, M.W., (ed.), The Value of Life and Safety , Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.
  • Blumstein, James F., Bovbjerg, Randall R. and Sloan, Frank A. (1991), 'Beyond Tort Reform: Developing Better Tools for Assessing Damages for Personal Injury', 8 Yale Journal on Regulation , 171-212.
  • Boulier, Bryan L. (1995), 'A Valuation of a Generic Child -- The Investment Approach: A Comment', 8 Journal of Forensic Economics , 81-88.
  • Bovbjerg, Randall R., Sloan, Frank A. and Blumstein, James F. (1989), 'Public Policy: Valuing Life and Limb in Tort: Scheduling "Pain and Suffering', 83 Northwestern University Law Review , 908-976.
  • Brady, Dennis, Brookshire, Michael and Cobb, William (1985), 'The Development and Solution of a Tax-Adjusted Model for Personal Injury Awards: A Response', 52 Journal of Risk and Insurance , 520-521.
  • Brenza, Lindley J. (1987), 'Asbestos in Schools and the Economic Loss Doctrine', 54 University of Chicago Law Review , 277-311.
  • Broder, Ivy E. and Husted, Thomas A. (1991), 'The Effect of Post-Trial Activity on Large Jury Awards', 11 International Review of Law and Economics , 251-260.
  • Brookshire, Michael and Ireland, Thomas R. (1994), 'Converting From a Present Value Lump Sum to a Future Payment Stream', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 151-157.
  • Broome, John (1978), 'Trying to Value a Life', 9 Journal of Public Economics , 91-100.
  • Brown, John Prather (1973), 'Toward an Economic Theory of Liability', 2 Journal of Legal Studies , 323-350.
  • Brown, Ralph J. and Johnson, Dennis A. (1983), 'Wrongful Death and Personal Injury: Economics and the Law', 29 South Dakota Law Review , 1-23.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1979), 'The Calculation of Foregone Lifetime Earnings: Three Decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada', Canadian Public Policy , 155-167.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1982), 'Introduction of Economic Factors into Litigation: Ontario s 2_ Percent Solution', Canadian Bar Review , 677-687.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1983), 'Four Systems for Compensating Prospective Damages in Tort', University of Western Ontario Law Review , 1-28.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1984), 'An Efficient Technique for Determining the Compensation of Lost Earnings', 13 Journal of Legal Studies , 375-378.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1984), 'The Calculation of an Infant's Lost Earnings', Alberta Law Review , 291-293.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1987), 'Measure of Damages for the Wrongful Death of a Child', Canadian Bar Review , 344-359.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. (1992), The Assessment of Personal Injury Damages, 2nd Edition , Toronto, Butterworths, 300 p.
  • Bruce, Christopher J. and Kerr, W.A. (1987), 'Estimating Farm Income to Determine Compensation in Death or Disability Cases', 9 Journal of Agricultural Taxation and Law , 254-263.
  • Brush, Brian C. and Breeden, Charles H. (1994), 'Income Taxes and Economic Damages', 4 Journal of Legal Economics , 51-63.
  • Buchanan, James M. and Faith, Roger L. (1979), 'Trying Again to Value a Life', 12 Journal of Public Economics , 245-248.
  • Burke, John F., Jr. and Rosen, Harvey S. (1983), 'Taxes and Compensation for Lost Earnings: A Comment', 12 Journal of Legal Studies , 195-200.
  • Cahill, Gerard A. and Goldberg, Fred (1993), 'Life Insurance as an Offset to Economic Loss in Wrongful Death Cases: A Note', 6 Journal of Forensic Economics , 277-279.
  • Cahill, Gerard A. and Goldberg, Gerald F. (1995), 'Life Insurance as an Offset to Economic Loss in Wrongful Death Cases: A Reply', 8 Journal of Forensic Economics , 91 ff.
  • Calabresi, Guido (1970), The Costs of Accidents: A Legal and Economic Analysis , New Haven, Yale University Press, 340 p.
  • Calfee, John E. and Craswell, Richard (1984), 'Some Effects of Uncertainty on Compliance with Legal Standards', 70 Virginia Law Review , 965-1003.
  • Calfee, John E. and Rubin, Paul H. (1992), 'Some Implications of Damage Payments for Nonpecuniary Losses', 21 Journal of Legal Studies , 371-411.
  • Calfee, John E. and Winston, Clifford (1993), 'The Consumer Welfare Effects of Liability for Pain and Suffering: An Exploratory Analysis', 1 Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics , 133-196.
  • Caragonne, Penelope (1993), 'The Use of the Berla Scale in Quantifying Hedonic Damages: A Case Management Perspective', 7 Journal of Forensic Economics , 47-67.
  • Carter, R.A.L. and Palmer, John P. (1991), 'Real Rates, Expected Rates, and Damage Awards', 20 Journal of Legal Studies , 439-462.
  • Chapman, Bruce (1987), 'Pensions, Sex Discrimination, and the Value of Life after Death', 7 International Review of Law and Economics , 193-214.
  • Ciecka, James E. (1994), 'A Survey of the Structure and Duration of Time Periods for Lost Earnings Calculations', 4 Journal of Forensic Economics , 39-50.
  • Clarke, Karen A. and Ogus, Anthony I. (1978), 'What Is a Wife Worth?', 5 British Journal of Law and Society , 1-25.
  • Clermont, K.N. and Eisenberg, Theodore, 'Trial by Jury or Judge: Transcending Empiricism', 77 Cornell Law Review , 1124 ff.
  • Cohen, Lloyd R. (1985), 'Toward an Economic Theory of the Measurement of Damages in a Wrongful Death Action', 34 Emory Law Journal , 295-340.
  • Cohen, Mark A. (1987), 'Optimal Enforcement Strategy to Prevent Oil Spills: An Application of a Principal-Agent Model with Moral Hazard', 30 Journal of Law and Economics , 23-51.
  • Conley, Brian C. (1976), 'The Value of Life in the Demand for Safety', 66 American Economic Review , 45-65.
  • Conley, Brian C. (1978), 'The Value of Human Life in the Demand for Safety: Extension and Reply', 68 American Economic Review , 717-720.
  • Cook, Philip J. (1978), 'The Value of Human Life in the Demand for Safety: Comment', 68 American Economic Review , 710-711.
  • Cook, Philip J. and Graham, Daniel A. (1977), 'The Demand for Insurance and Protection: The Case of Irreplaceable Commodities', 91 Quarterly Journal of Economics , 143-156.
  • Cooper, Russell and Ross, Thomas W. (1985), 'Product Warranties and Double Moral Hazard', 16 Rand Journal of Economics , 103-113.
  • Cooter, Robert D. (1985), 'Prices and Sanctions', 84 Columbia Law Review , 1523-1560.
  • Cooter, Robert D. (1989), 'Towards A Market in Unmatured Tort Claims', 75 University of Virginia Law Review , 383-411.
  • Cooter, Robert D. (1989), 'Punitive Damages for Deterrence: When and How Much?', 40 Alabama Law Review , 1143-1196.
  • Cooter, Robert D. and Sugarman, Stephen D. (1988), 'A Regulated Market in Unmatured Tort Claims: Tort Reform by Contract', in Olson, Walter (ed.), New Directions in Liability Law , New York, The Academy of Political Science, 174-185.
  • Cooter, Robert D. and Sugarman, Steve (1988), 'A Regulated Market for Unmatured Tort Claims: Tort Reform by Contract', in Olson, Walter (ed.), New Directions in Liability Law , New York, The Academy of Political Science, 174-185.
  • Coyne, Thomas Joseph (1982), 'Present Value of Future Earnings: A Sensible Alternative to Simplistic Methodologies', 49 Insurance Counsel Journal , 25-31.
  • Craswell, Richard (1996), 'Damage Multipliers in Market Relationships', 25 Journal of Legal Studies , 463-492.
  • Craswell, Richard and Calfee, John E. (1986), 'Deterrence and Uncertain Legal Standards', 2 Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization , 279-303.
  • Creedy, J. (1988), 'Taxation and Compensation to Dependents of Accident Victims', 8 International Review of Law and Economics , 85-95.
  • Creedy, John (1988), 'Taxation and Compensation to Dependents of Accident Victims', 8 International Review of Law and Economics , 85-95.
  • Croley, Steven P. and Hanson, Jon D. (1991), 'What Liability Crisis? An Alternative Explanation for Recent Events in Products Liability', 8 Yale Journal on Regulation , 1-111.
  • Croley, Steven P. and Hanson, Jon D. (1995), 'The Nonpecuniary Costs of Accidents: Pain and-Suffering Damages in Tort Law', 108 Harvard Law Review , 1785-1917.
  • Danzon, Patricia M. (1984), 'Tort Reform and the Role of Governement in Private Insurance Markets', 13 Journal of Legal Studies , 517-549.
  • Danzon, Patricia M. (1985), Medical Malpractice: Theory, Evidence, and Public , Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press, 264 p.
  • Darbis, Rachel (1980), 'The Value of a Life: New Evidence from the Marketplace', 70 American Economic Review , 1077-1082.
  • Darvish, Tikva and Kahana, Nava (1987), 'The Nature of Utility in Jewish Law', 7 International Review of Law and Economics , 127-131.
  • Depperschmidt, Thomas O. (1994), 'Unintended Consequences and Perverse Effects in Forensic Economic Award Calculations', 4 Journal of Legal Economics , 65-72.
  • Diamond, Peter A. (1974), 'Single Activity Accidents', 3 Journal of Legal Studies , 107-164.
  • Dickens, William T. (1990), 'Assuming the Can Opener: Hedonic Estimates and the Value of Life', 3 Journal of Forensic Economics , 51-60.
  • Dulaney, Ronald A. (1991), 'Estimating Decedents' Consumption Expenditures in Wrongful Death Actions: Some Refinements', 1 Journal of Legal Economics , 94-98.
  • Durham, Stephan E. (1993), 'The Correct Value of Social Security Contributions in Personal Injury and Wrongful Death Settlements: A Comment', 6 Journal of Forensic Economics , 151-152.
  • Easterbrook, Frank H., Landes, William M. and Posner, Richard A. (1980), 'Contribution among Antitrust Defendants: A Legal and Economic Analysis', 23 Journal of Law and Economics , 331-370.
  • Eide, Erling (1982), 'Kapitaliseringsrente ved Personskadeerstatning. Kritikk av en Dom i H¿yesterett (Capitalization Interest Rates in Personal Injury Compensation. A Critique of a Supreme Court Verdict)', Lov og Rett. Norsk Juridisk Tidsskrift , 30-42.
  • Eide, Erling (1982), 'Kapitaliseringsrente ved personskadeerstatning: Kritikk av en dom i H¢yesterett (The discount rate for compensatory damages: Critique of a High Court decision)', 1 Lov og Rett , 29-42.
  • Eide, Erling (1983), 'Realbeskatning og nominalismen i norsk rett (Real tax rates and nominalism in Norwegian law)', 6 Sosial¢konomen , 5-10.
  • Eide, Erling (1984), 'Renter og Verdisikring av Pengekrav (Interest Rates and Security against Inflation in Monetary Claims)', 97 Tidsskrift for Rettsvitenskap , 477-533.
  • Lipnowski, Irwin F. (1979), 'The Economist's Approach to Assessing Compensation for Accident Victims', 9 Manitoba Law Journal , 319-333.
  • Markowski, Edward P. and Cross, Edward M. (1991), 'Determination of Tax-Adjusted Lost Income Awards: Reply', 1 Journal of Legal Economics , 103-104.
  • Markowski, Edward P. and Cross, Edward M. (1991), 'Determination of Tax-Adjusted Lost Income Awards', 1 Journal of Legal Economics , 11-18.
  • Marshall, Jennings B. and Lee, John T. (1991), 'Achieving Optimality in Wrongful Death Awards', 1 Journal of Legal Economics , 31-37.
  • McCaffery, Edward J., Kahneman, Daniel and Spitzer, Matthew L. (1995), 'Framing the Jury: Cognitive Perspectives on Pain and Suffering Awards', 81 Virginia Law Review , 1341-1420.
  • McIntyre, David C. (1987), 'Note: Tortfeasor Liability for Disaster Response Costs: Accounting for the True Cost of Accidents', 55 Fordham Law Review , 1001 ff.
  • Metcalf, Robert (1992), 'Loss of Enjoyment, Rehabilitation and Hedonic Damages: A Comment', 5 Journal of Forensic Economics , 249 ff.
  • Miceli, Thomas J. and Segerson, Kathleen (1995), 'Defining Efficient Care: The Role of Income Distribution', 24 Journal of Legal Studies , 189-208.
  • Miller, Ted R. (1989), 'Willingness to Pay Comes of Age: Will the System Survive?', 83 Northwestern University Law Review , 876-907.
  • Miller, Ted R. (1990), 'The Plausible Range for the Value of Life -- Red Herrings Among the Mackerel', 3 Journal of Forensic Economics , 17-40.
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  • Mishan, Ezra J. (1971), 'Evaluation of Life and Limb: A Theoretical Approach', 79 Journal of Political Economy , 687-705.
  • Mishan, Ezra J. (1981), 'The Value of Trying to Value Life', 15 Journal of Public Economics , 133-137.
  • Mishan, Ezra J. (1982), 'Recent Contributions to the Literature of Life Valuation: A Critical Assessment', in Jones-Lee, M.W., (ed.), The Value of Life and Safety , Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press, 81-94.
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  • Parisi, Francesco and Ricci, Paolo F. (1991), 'Environmental Policy in the 1990s : Review Essay', 18 Ecology Law Quarterly , 459-484.
  • Patell, James, M., Weil, Roman L. and Wolfson, Mark A. (1982), 'Accumulating Damages in Litigation: The Roles of Uncertainty and Interest Rates', 11 Journal of Legal Studies , 341-364.
  • Piette, Michael J. and Thornton, Janet R. (1994), 'Using New Labor Force Participation Rates When Computing Economic Damage and Loss: A Methodological Note', 4 Journal of Legal Economics , 81-88.
  • Plummer, James L. (1995), 'The Cost of Substitute Consumption Activities: A Better Alternative Than Hedonic Damages', 8 Journal of Forensic Economics , 159-165.
  • Png, Ivan Paak-Liang and Zolt, Eric M. (1989), 'Efficient Deterrence and the Tax Treatment of Monetary Sanctions', 9 International Review of Law and Economics , 209-217.
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  • Polinsky, A. Mitchell and Shavell, Steven (1998), 'Punitive Damages: An Economic Analysis', 111 Harvard Law Review , 869-962.
  • Polinsky, Mitchell A. and Shavell, Steven (1994), 'Should Liability be Based on the Harm to the Victim or the Gain to the Injurer?', 10 Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization , 427-437.
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  • Priest, George L. (1992), 'Can Absolute Manufacturer Liability Be Defended?', 9(1) Yale Journal on Regulation , 237-263.
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  • Rea, Samuel A., Jr. (1981), 'Lump Sum Versus Periodic Damage Awards', 10 Journal of Legal Studies , 131-154.
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  • Schieren, George A. (1994), 'On Using Minimum-Cost Portfolios to Determine Present Value', 4 Journal of Legal Economics , 47-59.
  • Schuck, Peter H. (1990), 'Scheduled Damages and Insurance Contracts for Future Services: A Comment on Blumstein, Bovbjerg and Sloan', 8 Yale Journal on Regulation , 213-221.
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