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Encyclopedia of Law & Economics – 3300 Causation and Foreseeability

  • Abel, Richard L. (1986), ‘Should Tort Law Protect Property Against Accidental Loss?’, 23 San Diego Law Review , 79-123.
  • Assmann, Heinz-Dieter (1988), ‘Multikausale SchŠden im deutschen Haftungsrecht (Multicausal Injuries in German Tort Law)’, in Fenyves, Attila and Weyers, Hans-Leo (eds.), Multikausale SchŠden im modernen Haftungsrechten , Frankfurt a.M., Metzner, 99-151.
  • Barnes, David W. and Stout, Lynn A. (1992), Economic Analysis of Tort Law , West Publishing.
  • Bebchuk, Lucian Arye and Shavell, Steven (1991), ‘Information and the Scope of Liability for Breach of Contract: The Rule of Hadley vs. Baxendale’, 7 Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization , 284-312.
  • Ben-Shahar, Omri (1996), Multiple Causation and the Shapley Value: A Note on Apportionment of Damages , Unpublished Manuscript, Tel-Aviv University.
  • Borgo, John (1979), ‘Causal Paradigms in Tort Law’, 8 Journal of Legal Studies , 419-455.
  • Burrows, Paul (1984), ‘Tort and Tautology: The Logic of Restricting the Scope of Liability’, 13 Journal of Legal Studies , 399-414.
  • Calabresi, Guido (1975), ‘Concerning Cause and the Law of Torts: An Essay for Harry Kalven’, 43 University of Chicago Law Review , 69-100.
  • Celli, Andrew G., Jr. (1990), ‘Toward a Risk Contribution Approach to Tortfeasor Identification and Multiple Causation Cases’, 65 New York University Law Review , 635-692.
  • Cooter, Robert D. (1987), ‘Torts As the Union of Liberty and Efficiency: An Essay on Causation’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 522-551.
  • Cooter, Robert D. and Ulen, Thomas S. (1986), ‘An Economic Case for Comparative Negligence’, 61 New York University Law Review , 1067 ff.
  • Craswell, Richard and Calfee, John E. (1986), ‘Deterrence and Uncertain Legal Standards’, 2 Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization , 279-303.
  • Culp, Jerome M. (1986), ‘Causation, Economists, and the Dinosaur: A Response to [Causal Judgment in Attributive and Explanatory Contexts]’, 49(3) Law and Contemporary Problems , 23-46.
  • Delgado, Richard (1982), ‘Beyond Sindell: Relaxation of Cause-in-Fact Rules for Indeterminate Plaintiffs’, 70 California Law Review , 881-908.
  • Epstein, Richard A. (1979), ‘Causation and Corrective Justice: A Reply to Two Critics’, 8 Journal of Legal Studies , 477-504.
  • Epstein, Richard A. (1987), ‘Causation – in Context: An Afterword’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 653-680.
  • Farber, Daniel A. (1990), ‘Recurring Misses’, 19 Journal of Legal Studies , 727-737.
  • Faure, Michael G. (1993), (G)een schijn van kans. Beschouwingen over het statistisch causaliteitsbewijs bij milieugezondheidsschade (No chance. Reflections on statistical causation and environmental health damage) , Antwerpen, Maklu, 68 p.
  • Grady, Mark F. (1983), ‘A New Positive Economic Theory of Negligence’, 92 Yale Law Journal , 799-829.
  • Grady, Mark F. (1984), ‘Proximate Cause and the Law of Negligence’, 69 Iowa Law Review , 537-573.
  • Grady, Mark F. (1988), ‘Discontinuities and Information Burdens: Review of the Economic Structure or Tort Law by William M. Landes and Richard A. Posner’, 56 George Washington Law Review , 658 ff.
  • Grady, Mark F. (1989), ‘Untaken Precautions’, 18 Journal of Legal Studies , 139-156.
  • Kahan, Marcel (1989), ‘Causation and Incentives to Take Care under the Negligence Rule’, 18 Journal of Legal Studies , 427-447.
  • Kaye, David (1982), ‘The Limits of the Preponderance of the Evidence Standard: Justifiably Naked Statistical Evidence and Multiple Causation’, American Bar Foundation Research Journal , 487-516.
  • Kaye, David and Aickin, Mikel (1984), ‘A Comment on Causal Apportionment’, 13 Journal of Legal Studies , 191-208.
  • Kelman, Mark G. (1987), ‘The Necessary Myth of Objective Causation Judgments in Liberal Political Theory’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 579-637.
  • Kruskal, William (1986), ‘Terms of Reference: Singular Confusion about Multiple Causation’, 15 Journal of Legal Studies , 427-436.
  • Landes, William M. and Posner, Richard A. (1983), ‘Causation in Tort Law: An Economic Approach’, 12 Journal of Legal Studies , 109-134.
  • Landes, William M. and Posner, Richard A. (1984), ‘Tort Law as a Regulatory Regime for Catastrophic Personal Injuries’, 13 Journal of Legal Studies , 417-434.
  • Levmore, Saul (1990), ‘Probabilistic Recoveries, Restitution, and Recurring Wrongs’, 19 Journal of Legal Studies , 691-726.
  • Marino, Anthony M. (1991), ‘Market Share Liability and Economic Efficiency’, 57 Southern Economic Journal , 667-675.
  • Marks, Stephen V. (1994), ‘Discontinuities, Causation, and Grady’s Uncertainty Theorem’, 23 Journal of Legal Studies , 287-301.
  • Miceli, Thomas J. (1996), ‘Cause in Fact, Proximate Cause, and the Hand Rule: Extending Grady’s Positive Economic Theory of Negligence’, 16 International Review of Law and Economics , 473-482.
  • Miceli, Thomas J. and Segerson, Kathleen (1991), ‘Joint Liability in Torts: Marginal and Infra-Marginal Efficiency’, 11 International Review of Law and Economics , 235-249.
  • Moore, Michael S. (1987), ‘Thomson’s Preliminaries about Causation and Rights’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 497-521.
  • Polinsky, A. Mitchell (1972), ‘Probabilistic Compensation Criteria’, 86 Quarterly Journal of Economics , 407-425.
  • Porat, Ariel and Stein, Alex (1997), ‘Liability for Uncertainty: Making Evidential Damage Actionable’, 18 Cardozo Law Review .
  • Posner, Richard A. (1979), ‘Epstein’s Tort Theory: A Critique’, 8 Journal of Legal Studies , 457-475.
  • Rizzo, Mario J. (1981), ‘The Imputation Theory of Proximate Cause: An Economic Framework’, 15 Georgia Law Review , 1007-1038.
  • Rizzo, Mario J. (1987), ‘Foreword: Fundamentals of Causation’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 397-406.
  • Rizzo, Mario J. (ed.) (1987), ‘Symposium on Causation in the Law of Torts’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 397-680.
  • Rizzo, Mario J. and Arnold, Frank S. (1980), ‘Causal Apportionment in Tort Law: An Economic Theory’, 85 Columbia Law Review , 1399-1429.
  • Rizzo, Mario J. and Arnold, Frank S. (1986), ‘Causal Apportionment: Reply to the Critics’, 15 Journal of Legal Studies , 219-226.
  • Robinson, Glen O. (1985), ‘Probabilistic Causation and Compensation for Tortious Risk’, 14 Journal of Legal Studies , 779-798.
  • Rose-Ackerman, Susan (1990), ‘Market-Share Allocations in Tort Law: Strengths and Weaknesses’, 19 Journal of Legal Studies , 739-746.
  • Rosenberg, David M. (1984), ‘The Causal Connection in Mass Exposure Cases: “Public Law” Vision of the Tort System’, 97 Harvard Law Review , 849-929.
  • Rossello, Carlo (1990), Il danno evitabile. La misura della responsabilitˆ tra diligenza ed efficienza (Avoidable Damage: The Measure of Liability Between Due Care and Efficiency) , Padova, CEDAM, 320 p.
  • Schwartz, Alan (1987), ‘Causation in Private Tort Law: A Comment on Kelman’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 639-651.
  • Shavell, Steven (1980), ‘An Analysis of Causation and the Scope of Liability in the Law of Torts’, 9 Journal of Legal Studies , 463-516.
  • Shavell, Steven (1985), ‘Uncertainty over Causation and the Determination of Civil Liability’, 28 Journal of Law and Economics , 587-609.
  • Thomson, Judith Jarvis (1987), ‘Causality and Rights: Some Preliminaries’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 471-496.
  • Weinrib, Ernest J. (1987), ‘Causation and Wrongdoing’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 407-450.
  • Wittman, Donald A. (1981), ‘Optimal Pricing of Sequential Inputs: Last Clear Chance, Mitigation of Damages and Related Doctrines in the Law’, 10 Journal of Legal Studies , 65-91.
  • Wittman, Donald A. (1998), ‘Last Clear Chance’, in Newman, Peter (ed.), The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and the Law , London, MacMillan.
  • Wright, Richard W. (1985), ‘Actual Causation vs. Probabilistic Linkage: The Bane of Economic Analysis’, 14 Journal of Legal Studies , 435-456.
  • Wright, Richard W. (1987), ‘The Efficiency Theory of Causation and Responsibility: Unscientific Formalism and False Semantics’, 63 Chicago-Kent Law Review , 553-578.
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